> Correct. Your approach saves you a lot of work in maintaining custom
> configs. They are a lot of work, if you have a lot of users.
Indeed. We offer OpenVPN connectivity to our local hams (the Netherlands) using certificates
created especially for that. The users get their fixed IP derived from the certificate subject
name (looked up in DNS/hosts) so they also can run services under their own callsign.
There are 220 valid certificates at this time, and always about 20 systems connected plus those
that connect when required.
Those that want to route subnets can get a GRE(6) or L2TP/IPsec tunnel and run BGP over that.
There currently are 34 users of that service, 30 of them are connected.
This mode is also used to provide connectivity to regional clusters of systems that are not yet
connected by radio all over our country.
It requires some one-time setup but at least there is no maintenance when users want to announce
more subnets etc.
Of course more systems like this could be setup in other countries/regions to serve those that
are on dynamic IP, are behind CGNAT, can only use IPv6, etc.
A "cloud" hosted Linux (virtual) machine with a fixed IP is all that you really require, a
service from the ISP to BGP-announce a subnet and route that to you is a good addition.
Alternatively you could use something like a MikroTik, Edgerouter or Juniper instead of the
Linux VM. A little less flexible in some areas but easier to setup and maintain.
Rob
> I cant figure out where to go
> from here. Can anyone point me in the right direction in how to get the
> routes set up for my little subnet?
You can't.
Such a VPN offers you a connection, with an IP, and routes traffic for that IP to you.
You cannot route arbitrary subnets over that because you cannot setup routes on the VPN server
pointing to your subnet.
If that is what you want, you need to setup a gateway on the IPIP tunnel mesh.
Or, find someone else who has done that and arrange for some VPN between you two.
Rob
Hello,
I have obtained the certificates and have openvpn all set up. I am able to
connect, and I see the interface like so:
3: tun0: <POINTOPOINT,MULTICAST,NOARP,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc
pfifo_fast state UNKNOWN group default qlen 100
link/none
inet 44.139.11.14 peer 44.139.11.13/32 scope global tun0
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
inet6 fe80::302f:bedc:d77a:c5d6/64 scope link flags 800
valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
Now I'm a bit stuck. I've consulted a few posts, both
www.qsl.net/kb9mwr/wapr/tcpip/lotw-vpn.html and
www.qsl.net/kb9mwr/wapr/tcpip/oh7lzb.html but I cant figure out where to go
from here. Can anyone point me in the right direction in how to get the
routes set up for my little subnet?
Thanks so much and 73,
-Nate
> While both my node software and my servers are all dual stacked as well,
> the issue with using IPv6 on RADIO (UHF/VHF/HF) is a bit of a challenge
> but do-able.
Of couse "over radio" is not the same thing as "over AX.25"...
These days, radio links on our net-44 network are mostly/all WiFi links and
they would have no issue with IPv6.
AX.25 and IPv6 have other incompatibilities than ARP. The minimum MTU requirement
and the concern about efficiency at low bitrates are other things to worry about.
But what is mainly holding me back to deploy IPv6 now is:
- double effort of network administration for dual-stack
- limited support in our favourite routers (MikroTik)
- lack of immediate need, because we have not run out of IPv4 space and can
still assign usable subnets to everyone who wants them (so no NAT required)
So while I do have IPv6 deployed here at home, I while I don't rule out the
deployment of IPv6 on our radio network, I don't consider it a high-priority
thing.
When doing it, I would get a /48 from our ISP, and then make a 1:1 mapping
between already assigned IPv4 addresses within 44.137.0.0/16 and /64 nets
within that space. So everyone who has a single address gets a corresponding
/64 net and everyone who has a /28 subnets gets a /60 from that, without
requiring any mechanism other than a simple document explaining the mapping.
All places where IPv4 addresses and networks have been configured would get the
corresponding IPv6 address. Probably I would go with encoding callsigns and
service names into the lower 64 bits as proposed by Daniel EA4GPZ.
And for distributing a "list of valid prefixes" amongst those that would like
to be able to classify addresses as "within AMPRnet" or "outside AMPRnet"
(now done by checking for 44.0.0.0/8, which of course does not really work
as Brian Kantor already mentioned), I would propose setting up multihop BGP
peering using private AS numbers between gateway hosts that want to advertise
(and receive) the list of prefixes.
But again, it is not on my list of things to do this year. Keeping everyone
focused on building a working and expanding IPv4 network is more important, IMHO.
Rob
> Now that I know where to look.. PMTU has caused me a lot of headache
> lately. I believe it could be the problem. Sending large packets to
> 44.135.179.28 yields no reply. tracepath does send back need to frag,
> but when TTL expires at amprgw.ucsd.edu. I believe amprgw.ucsd.edu
> should send back need-to-frag for higher TTLs as well.
That is always a bit tricky, often those packets *are* sent back but they
are blocked somewhere closer to the client, and/or the TCP stack of the
system does not process them in a reasonable way.
It is possible to work around that by adjusting the MSS of a TCP SYN
passing the point where outgoing MTU is smaller than incoming MTU
(incidentally something that I invented and implemented in NET in 1995,
but later almost any router and routing software started to support it)
so as a result the TCP segments sent by the endpoints will be smaller and
won't need to be fragmented.
Roger can do that on his own server, e.g. like this:
iptables -t mangle -A INPUT -p tcp --syn -j TCPMSS --set-mss 1400
iptables -t mangle -A OUTPUT -p tcp --syn -j TCPMSS --set-mss 1400
Or on a router/gateway along the path (using FORWARD instead of INPUT/OUTPUT).
However, I'm not convinced that this is the problem as the site works OK
for me over internet. Why wouldn't it work for Google then?
Rob
I have followed Marius' instructions and have my EdgeRouter X working
and passing traffic via 44net. Thank you, Marius!
My issue is this:
I am using 44.2.10.1 for the tunnel, 44.2.10.2 for the computer (a
Raspberry Pi 3), and 44.2.10.3 for JNOS using a point to point tunnel. I
have the following routing in the EdgeRouter:
w6ray@edgerouter:~$ sudo route -n
Kernel IP routing table
Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface
0.0.0.0 104.49.12.134 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 eth1
44.2.10.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.248 U 0 0 0 eth2
44.2.10.1 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.255 UH 0 0 0 tun44
44.2.10.8 44.2.10.9 255.255.255.248 UG 0 0 0 eth3
104.49.12.128 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.248 U 0 0 0 eth1
192.168.1.0 0.0.0.0 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 eth0
44.2.10.0/29 eth2 is for the local 44net.
I use the 44.2.10.8/29 on eth3 for the Ubiquity microwave link to the
repeater site where the TNC's and radios are, among other things (DSTAR,
DMR, etc.) I can use the link's LAN 172.16.0.0/16 instead of the
44.2.10.8/29, I just need to figure out how to route traffic. (The link
radios have IP aliases in the 44.2.10.8/29) I do not wish these to be
accessible outside my network.
The 104.49.12.128/29 on eth0 is my public network address.
192.168.1.0/24 on eth0 is so I can access the Edgerouter from the local LAN.
While I would like for JNOS to be accessible outside 44net, it is not
required. I would like to allow our local hams who do not have a TNC
access. I would, however, like to be able to access the Internet from
the Pi (44.2.10.2) so I can use my browser to do searches, and update
the OS via apt.
My question is "How do I accomplish this? Do I have the EdgeRouter X set
up correctly with the proper address(es)?
SJVBBS
w6ray.ampr.org
--
---
If the right side of the brain controls the left side of the body,
then only left-handed people are in their right minds.
_____
, |[][]|
,__| ______| |
,__/__]|| ________ | D8 |
|__!___!!`--'L_______\ |__________|() ___________
"(_)[___]====(_)(_)=| \_(___________)_/__/=(_)===(_)~'
73 de Ray Quinn W6RAY
GMRS - WQTX645
Visalia, CA USA DM06ii
Oops!
I don’t know why all of a sudden my phone picked a different address. Strange. Anyway. Sorry.
Roger
VA7LBB
> On May 8, 2019, at 18:07, Roger <ve7wwd(a)rezgas.com> wrote:
>
> Hi all,
> Just a reminder that Google has already told me where the issue originated. It’s not with content. It’s not with speed. It’s not the time my site has been up. It’s an anomaly between google and me. They just can’t or won’t tell me what that anomaly is. But it has nothing to do with content or anything like that.
>
> Roger.
>
>> On May 7, 2019, at 16:56, David McAnally <david.mcanally(a)gmail.com> wrote:
>>
>> Roger,
>>
>> May I suggest looking at your web site home page load / rendering
>> performance? I tried loading your page in the Google Page speed Insights
>> <https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/> tool. It will
>> not complete loading your URL for analysis, returning the much too common
>> NO_FCP error message. (see their tool's references for details on FCP. I
>> was able to load your URL in the analyze.websiteoptimization.com tool,
>> which shows the page is almost 3MB in size, mostly images and javascript,
>> which may be slowing the page load/rendering. While 3MB may not seem all
>> that much in today's fast networks, home page size and load times have been
>> known to cause crawling index systems to skip the site due their limited
>> budget in time and resources. Poor performance scripting can be an issue
>> too. If your network route to users, or in this case analysis tool, crosses
>> a slower network gateway, the size of your page and content rendering
>> performance could have even more impact. Don't know if improving page
>> performance will make Google indexing happier, but can't hurt to try.
>>
>> At one time I had access to better tools for web site analysis, but I've
>> retired, so I no longer get to play with that stuff.
>>
>> Regards,
>> David M.
>> WD5M
>>
>
>
David,
I thought of that and last week for 4 days I had nothing but a simple index.html (everything else moved out) the google tool did the same thing with a 3kb page. Yet the siteliner.com tool (which is very similar) does not return that error on the large page, and in fact analyses the site very quickly.
I’m starting to suspect this is all Google’s problem.
> On May 7, 2019, at 16:56, David McAnally <david.mcanally(a)gmail.com> wrote:
>
> Roger,
>
> May I suggest looking at your web site home page load / rendering
> performance? I tried loading your page in the Google Page speed Insights
> <https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/> tool. It will
> not complete loading your URL for analysis, returning the much too common
> NO_FCP error message. (see their tool's references for details on FCP. I
> was able to load your URL in the analyze.websiteoptimization.com tool,
> which shows the page is almost 3MB in size, mostly images and javascript,
> which may be slowing the page load/rendering. While 3MB may not seem all
> that much in today's fast networks, home page size and load times have been
> known to cause crawling index systems to skip the site due their limited
> budget in time and resources. Poor performance scripting can be an issue
> too. If your network route to users, or in this case analysis tool, crosses
> a slower network gateway, the size of your page and content rendering
> performance could have even more impact. Don't know if improving page
> performance will make Google indexing happier, but can't hurt to try.
>
> At one time I had access to better tools for web site analysis, but I've
> retired, so I no longer get to play with that stuff.
>
> Regards,
> David M.
> WD5M
>
Rob,
Sorry, I forgot to say which site: separs.ampr.org <http://separs.ampr.org/>.
Yes, there are indexed ampr.org <http://ampr.org/> subdomains, but I don’t seem to be getting my point access. Those domains are older and indexing no longer works. Eventually according to Google, they will fall off their indexing. Google indexing can no longer reach them or any new site. It doesn’t matter if you have links, Google can’t index ampr.org <http://ampr.org/> subdomains so when it follows thew link, it’ll fail to index. And here is how I know that:
1) I created the Gateway.
2) I created the website separs.ampr.org <http://separs.ampr.org/>
3) I logged into the “Google Search Console”
4) I could not have Google verify site ownership. It seemed block to them.
5) I asked Brian to add a TXT entry, as per the Google Search console instructions.
6) Initialy Brian did not want to do it, saying he didn’t want Google crawling all the 44net IPs
7)I assured him that it was only for site verification and they would only crawl my site.
8) he agreed and through the Google Search Console I had the site ownership Verified.
9)I attempted to have the Google Search Console crawl the site. It declined indicating "no errors" but an “anomaly”
10) I tried quite a few times:
a) as the site is now (declined “anomoly”).
b) I tried with deleted my robots file. (declined “anomoly”)
c) I tried by removing everything in my public_html directory and added only a file index.html file (declined “anomaly”)
11) I added a sitemap.xml to the search console (and the Google Search Console downloaded it. It then said it would not index because of an “anomoly” .
12) The Google Search Console will not index and always says it is due to an “anomoly” It makes it clear it is "not an error". The site is accessible, but an “anomoly” stops the index.
13) This is where I contacted "my friend” (more of an associate rally) and I asked her what an “anomoly” would be. She checked and said the “anomoly” is related to either DNS, Meta header, or robots.txt in the TDL (ampr.org <http://ampr.org/>) preventing Google from indexing. She made it clear that Google tries very hard to honor any setting that suggests the site does not want indexing. So that’t where the “friend” comes into play. I’m sure you all know that under normal circumstances there is no possibility to contact Google. I was fortunate I had someone I could ask. I’d hoped her information would help sort this out.
14) She also advised me that a quick look at ampr.org <http://ampr.org/> subdomains that have been indexed (those that you’ve suggested prove indexing works) are well over 1 year old (usually 2 or more.) Those sites will not be reindexed as things stand today, unless the “anomoly” is corrected. New sites will not be indexed - ever! (unless something changes and regardless of how many links you have on other sites) I couldn’t get her to tell me exactly what the problem is because I don’t own ampr.org <http://ampr.org/>. Probably because she is only an associate that I met twice and doesn’t really know me that well. I don’t own ampr.org <http://ampr.org/> after all.
So I’m hoping this clarified the issue.
Please add your own site to the search console and see what I mean. If you can get it to index, then I’d like to know what is different between yours and mine.
73
Roger
VA7LBB
> On May 6, 2019, at 12:00 PM, 44net-request(a)mailman.ampr.org wrote:
>
> Send 44Net mailing list submissions to
> 44net(a)mailman.ampr.org
>
> To subscribe or unsubscribe via the World Wide Web, visit
> https://mailman.ampr.org/mailman/listinfo/44net
> or, via email, send a message with subject or body 'help' to
> 44net-request(a)mailman.ampr.org
>
> You can reach the person managing the list at
> 44net-owner(a)mailman.ampr.org
>
> When replying, please edit your Subject line so it is more specific
> than "Re: Contents of 44Net digest..."
> Today's Topics:
>
> 1. Re: Google indexing (Rob Janssen)
> 2. Re: 44Net VPN? (Heikki Hannikainen)
> 3. Google indexing (lleachii)
>
> From: Rob Janssen <pe1chl(a)amsat.org>
> Subject: Re: [44net] Google indexing
> Date: May 6, 2019 at 2:27:24 AM PDT
> To: "44net(a)mailman.ampr.org" <44net(a)mailman.ampr.org>
>
>
>> When one asked what your site was, you didn't reply. If it's va7llb.ampr.org,
>> it is unreachable from the internet today. That'd stop more than Google
>> indexer...
>
> As we still did not get that information, I checked the DNS zone and there are only two
> TXT records for google site verification. One is for va4wan.ampr.org and their site is
> indexed by Google, no problem there. You can lookup site:va4wan.ampr.org to confirm that.
> (again: the "site:" in that is important, don't omit it)
>
> The other is for separs.ampr.org and Google does not yet know about them.
> So probably he is discussing that. It appears to work OK when visited inside and outside
> of AMPRnet and its robots.txt also appears OK.
>
> I think it is just external linking that is required. Try to get a link to your site from
> the city website where it had an information page before. Make links from your local
> club, from private sites of your members, etc. Then Google becomes more convinced that
> this is a useful site that people may want to visit, rather than some scam that wants to
> have quick visitors and then disappear. (of which they probably get thousands a day submitted)
>
> And of course you need patience. It will not happen overnight.
> We all know that it is difficult to communicate with them and that they do what they themselves
> consider appropriate. You will have to live with that, we all do.
>
> Rob
>
>
>
>
>
> From: Heikki Hannikainen <hessu(a)hes.iki.fi>
> Subject: Re: [44net] 44Net VPN?
> Date: May 6, 2019 at 3:09:50 AM PDT
> To: AMPRNet working group <44net(a)mailman.ampr.org>
>
>
> On Tue, 30 Apr 2019, KJ7DMC wrote:
>
>> Hello,
>> This is sort of a follow up to my last email, which I ended up figuring
>> out. This link, http://he.fi/amprnet-vpn/amprnet-vpn-win.zip to download
>> the amprnet crt file is invalid. Any idea where I would obtain that file
>> from?
>
> Hi,
>
> The download links for the VPN config files work again now. Sorry for the website outage; server migration taking a bit longer than expected due to Real Life Events (TM). :)
>
> The included certificates are signed with weaker-than-desired hash algorithms, and modern TLS/VPN software are beginning to reject them. I suppose I'll have to make new ones soon and publish new config files along with them. The security issue is not that huge on AMPRnet use, but it'd be nice if it worked out of the box.
>
> - Hessu
>
>
>
>
>
> From: lleachii <lleachii(a)aol.com>
> Subject: Google indexing
> Date: May 6, 2019 at 11:45:48 AM PDT
> To: 44net(a)mailman.ampr.org
>
>
> All,Don't these sites all appear to be indexed in the past?73,- LynwoodKB3VWG
> null
>
> _______________________________________________
> 44Net mailing list
> 44Net(a)mailman.ampr.org
> https://mailman.ampr.org/mailman/listinfo/44net
Note that large web pages being retried over an IPIP tunnel via UCSD
are bound to encounter packet loss, which will greatly impact performance.
It's not a high bandwidth path, folks. And never will be.
- Brian
On Tue, May 07, 2019 at 06:56:44PM -0500, David McAnally via 44Net wrote:
> Date: Tue, 7 May 2019 18:56:44 -0500
> From: David McAnally <david.mcanally(a)gmail.com>
> To: AMPRNet working group <44net(a)mailman.ampr.org>
> Subject: Re: [44net] Google indexing
>
> Roger,
>
> May I suggest looking at your web site home page load / rendering
> performance? I tried loading your page in the Google Page speed Insights
> <https://developers.google.com/speed/pagespeed/insights/> tool. It will
> not complete loading your URL for analysis, returning the much too common
> NO_FCP error message. (see their tool's references for details on FCP. I
> was able to load your URL in the analyze.websiteoptimization.com tool,
> which shows the page is almost 3MB in size, mostly images and javascript,
> which may be slowing the page load/rendering. While 3MB may not seem all
> that much in today's fast networks, home page size and load times have been
> known to cause crawling index systems to skip the site due their limited
> budget in time and resources. Poor performance scripting can be an issue
> too. If your network route to users, or in this case analysis tool, crosses
> a slower network gateway, the size of your page and content rendering
> performance could have even more impact. Don't know if improving page
> performance will make Google indexing happier, but can't hurt to try.
>
> At one time I had access to better tools for web site analysis, but I've
> retired, so I no longer get to play with that stuff.
>
> Regards,
> David M.
> WD5M
