44net

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4 participants
3198 discussions

AMPRNet OVPN portal still working?
by Mark Phillips 11 Jan '19

11 Jan '19

Hi Folks, I've had need to try the Open VPN portal located at aprs.fi today but I failed to connect. Is it still functioning? Thanks Mark NI2O/G7LTT

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Re: [44net] security reminder : Sharing best practices and tools ?
by lleachii＠aol.com 11 Jan '19

11 Jan '19

1. As you all observed yesterday, I still run OpenWrt - currently on a Cisco Meraki MX60W device. I also use OpenWrt to create a separate VLAN for AMPRLAN traffic (those configs are in the Wiki). I can use routing, masquerade and NAT in another VLAN - if I need to temporally assign a device a 44 Public IP for testing and use. 2.I am running the firewall on my tunnel, which is iptables and zone-based in OpenWrt. Only relevant inbound ports for known services are allowed (e.g. 80/tcp for HTTP from 0.0.0.0/0 and 53/udp for DNS from 44.0.0.0/8). For additional security, I use a script ran with ampr-ripd updates - to only allow Pings and IPENCAP traffic from the IPs located in the Portal (script available on the Firewall Wiki page - someone offered an update to the script, but it has not yet been tested or implemented in the one found at the Wiki). I currently only use Apache, HTML and some PHP on the visible web server. The "largest" concern here is the PHP-based APRS Code recovery tool (someone in this forum previously helped me better sanitize the input, as to prevent command injections). 3.I do monitor traffic with softflowd package in OpenWrt. I collect and record the data with NfSen (http://nfsen.sourceforge.net). I also run snmpd for bandwidth statistics. * Would you be willing to share the SANS IP script you have?* What threats does this list block? 4.PFsense also implements Snort, perhaps you can route traffic through a Virtual Machine to test? 5.When needed, I previously used a firewall rule that only allows x SYNs from given IP in x minutes. If greater than x attempts - REJECT. 6.Regarding DNS, I do not open my server to the outside world. Only those at 44.0.0.0/8 are able to reach and use it.

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security reminder
by Brian Kantor 11 Jan '19

11 Jan '19

Folks, Please remember that when you set up a host, computer, or device on the AMPRNet, it is exposed to the big bad evil environment of the Internet without any form of protection such as a firewall or traffic filter, UNLESS YOU PROVIDE IT. In recent days we've had a some more complaints about systems being used as DNS amplification attack vectors, others as having been compromised and turned into a spam bot, and so on. I wish these were unusual events, but they're not rare enough. Yes, you're being thrown into the network security swamp, and having to learn to swim while trying to keep your head above water. Please be careful. Practice safe networking! - Brian

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Re: [44net] security reminder : Sharing best practices and tools ?
by Rob Janssen 11 Jan '19

11 Jan '19

I think that script is OK, except of course this line: AMPRGW="<AMPRGW>" Should be edited to the actual address of AMPRGW instead of that <AMPRGW>. I think it is better to just put the literal address in the example code as this kind of substitutions confuses people. When it changes, the Wiki can be updated. It is of course also possible to look it up using DNS but that will require another dependant package e.g. "dig" and again may confuse people. >I tested it and it seems to work. Also believe diffutils doesn't need to > be installed, either. I'll update the OpenWrt Wiki. Correct, the diffutils was only required for the iptables version which uses the diff command to generate changes once the table is initially loaded instead of replacing it from zero every time as the ipset version does. > I only noted it in this particular best practices/tools thread due to > messages in SEP2018: Yes that was a case where I actually received some "malicious" IPIP traffic, but ir happens quite seldomly. Of course it never hurts to lock down as well as possible, but I wanted to indicate that installing this filter is not the full response to the security reminder that Brian posted. I hope people do not think "Oh, Brian posted a security advisory and now there is this script that I do not yet have so let's install it so my system is secured", as this is only a very small and probably insignificant part of that whole security solution. When someone wants quick-and-dirty solutions to the security problem, it is much better to install some firewall rules according to this pattern: - accept ESTABLISHED/RELATED - accept new outgoing traffic - accept new incoming traffic matching some specific addresses/ports/protocols - drop everything else It is usually easiest to have two of those rulesets, one that applies to traffic incoming on the internet interface (where you want to accept protocol 4 using your ipset and not much else) and one that applies to traffic incoming on the tunnel interface (where you are basically handling AMPRnet traffic and may allow a bit more, but often you allow more from 44.0.0.0/8 than from other addresses). How complicated that ends up to be is of course dependent on what services your system(s) should expose, but at least it drops everything that you usually do not want to serve to the outside, like SNMP and DNS. Rob

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Re: [44net] security reminder : Sharing best practices and tools ?
by Rob Janssen 10 Jan '19

10 Jan '19

> All, > I implemented the code update. It's been added to Firewall Wiki under the ipset-based script. > http://wiki.ampr.org/wiki/Firewalls#ipset <http://wiki.ampr.org/wiki/Firewalls#ipset> > Thanks Rob! Those scripts were adapted from mails that I sent to the list, but there are some funny things in the versions on the Wiki. The first version (with iptables) has comments that really aren't correct. You must have had other problems while debugging this, as neither "the if iptables ... construct does not work" nor "there must be no spaces or empty lines here" are true. Maybe you had files with CRLF line endings (Windows editor) and/or other issues that were resolved by other changes and this comment was left in there. if command then is the same as: command if [ $? eq 0 ] then there may be empty lines between the command and if, this is no problem, but of course there should be NO thing like "echo $?" between those lines! maybe you did that during testing. that will make it fail because the echo command will not only display the value of $? but also the new value of $? will then be set to the result of the echo command! -> always 0 In the second example, using "ipset", there is an "if ipset" command (see, here it is OK!) but the "then" and the "else" branch contain exactly the same code. I don't know how that came about, but of course in that case you can just remove the if, then and else and put 1 instance of the code left-shifted under that. Of course in this case you don't need the tempfile and can do everything in one go like this: ipset -N ipipfilter hash:ip 2>/dev/null ipset flush ipipfilter ipset -A ipipfilter $AMPRGW grep addprivate encap.txt | sed -e 's/.*encap //' | sort -u | while read ip do ipset -A ipipfilter $ip done In my own systems I use a temporary ipset and swap them after completing the above, to avoid the small time interval where the ipset is being filled and packets could be dropped. For an ordinary user gw it probably isn't worth the trouble as this interval is quite short. Of course, those filters are very useful against abuse of the gateway by people who send ipip packets but are not part of AMPRnet (they could use it to hide their IP or to work their way around parts of the firewall) but in practice I have found that most cases where this actually happens are in fact hams who have misconfigured their gateway. (e.g. the IPIP output goes out on another IP than they have configured as incoming for their gateway) Don't think that adding this will solve any problems you have been faced with unless you are certain that it was via IPIP abuse. There probably is another error in the firewall. Rob

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Is there any way to update ampr.org dns
by Cathryn Mataga 09 Jan '19

09 Jan '19

Right now ke6i.ampr.org points to another ip address, not the one I'm using, which is at vhf.ke6i.ampr.org

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some subscribers have been missing 44net emails
by Brian Kantor 09 Jan '19

09 Jan '19

If your mailbox is located at or relayed by any of these domains: att.net btinternet.com estesvalley.net free.fr icloud.com laposte.net mac.com n5kh.org stpetebeach.net thbt.fr you may not have been getting some or all 44net email messages over the past few days. What seems to have happened is that the mailing list host, 'mailman.ampr.org', somehow got on somebody's spam list, and some or all of the above domains started rejecting deliveries from it. Since it is often difficult and time-consuming to get back off such a list, I've implemented a workaround for these domains that should restore deliveries for you folks. 73 and Happy Computing! - Brian

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Mailman problem
by Brian Kantor 09 Jan '19

09 Jan '19

If you sent a message to the 44net mailing list in the last hour or so and haven't seen it distributed, it likely got lost in a mailer glitch that I think I've fixed. Please resend it. Sorry for the hassle. - Brian

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Re: [44net] OpenWRT AMPRNet config
by lleachii＠aol.com 08 Jan '19

08 Jan '19

Roger, I wrote the OpenWrt Wiki and my allocation has been live at 44.60.44.0/24 for years on my devices. Getting the tunnel interface active is the first step. * I'm not sure what network and firewall configs you want, as MY EXACT CONFIGS ARE ALREADY POSTED IN THE WIKI (I will re-post them in this email) * Again, AMPRGW should be replaced with the IP of AMPRGW. The IP is located here: http://wiki.ampr.org/wiki/Services | AMPRNet Gateway(AMPRGW) | 169.228.34.84 | * If you created the interface and added the IP, I'm lost at how ampr-ripd is saying tunl0 doesn't exist. Are you sure that you followed the Wiki instructions and added the script to STARTUP??? ------------------------------------- Pipermail did not permit me to post the configs, I emailed the configs directly to your personal inbox. 73, - Lynwood KB3VWG

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OpenWRT AMPRNet config
by Roger 08 Jan '19

08 Jan '19

Hi, I’m following the instructions at the below link to use OpenWRT as a 44Net gateway. I’m confused about some of the instructions. What should <AMPRGW> be replace with in the route. This has me confused as well: “an interface instance for a new VLAN and bridge (the example above uses AMPRNET), add it to its own firewall zone using Input: Accept (if you wish for you AMPRLAN devices to reach the router), Output: Accept and Forward: Drop (or Reject). Assign an IP from your allocation to this interface, you will configure this IP on your devices as the Default Route/Gateway address.” I created the AMPRNET interface but i put the 44Net allocation ip in the gateway of that interface, reboot after doing everything else, I get an error from Ampr-ripd that the interface doesn’t exist. If anyone has done this on a OpenWRT router, would you be willing to share your firewall and network config files so that I can learn what I’m doing wrong. http://wiki.ampr.org/wiki/Setting_up_a_gateway_on_OpenWRT Thanks Roger VA7LBB

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