hi there One of our gateway got 8 IP ADDRESSES 44.138.0.8/39 Can the first address 44.238.0.8 be used ? or it reserved for networking only ? and i have to choose ip address only in the range of the 9-14 ? if the answer is that it can not be used how the main router at UCSD treat for ping attempts coming for 44.138.0.8 ? does it pass it ? or ignore it ? all is assured that the IP is defined at the AMPR DNS... What about the tunnel itself doesit have any connection to what ip the gateway have ? or it exist anyway and has no meaning for the ip of the gateway ? (because the tunnel defined with only Commercial IP one is local and other is the AMPRGW commercial ip) Its the first time i play with so small network and its not clear to me how its done at the AMPR system I know that on ampr /24 network we didnt use the first and last .. dont know if it was necessary or not but that was the fact Thank for any clarification Regards Ronen-4Z4ZQ http://www.ronen.org Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSitehttp://www.ronen.org/ www.ronen.org ronen.org (Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSite) is hosted by domainavenue.com
On 24/08/2016 8:59 PM, R P wrote:
(Please trim inclusions from previous messages) _______________________________________________ hi there One of our gateway got 8 IP ADDRESSES 44.138.0.8/39 Can the first address 44.238.0.8 be used ? or it reserved for networking only ? and i have to choose ip address only in the range of the 9-14 ? if the answer is that it can not be used how the main router at UCSD treat for ping attempts coming for 44.138.0.8 ?
Normally, the first IP is the network address/identifier, the last IP is the broadcast address, and the remaining are usable. So for a /29, there are 6 useable addresses out of 8 total.
It doesn't matter if its /16 or /24 or /29 - the rules are all the same (it's a bit tricky with /31). You can't use the network and broadcast addresses for hosts.
On Wed, Aug 24, 2016 at 1:59 PM, R P ronenp@hotmail.com wrote:
(Please trim inclusions from previous messages) _______________________________________________ hi there One of our gateway got 8 IP ADDRESSES 44.138.0.8/39 Can the first address 44.238.0.8 be used ? or it reserved for networking only ? and i have to choose ip address only in the range of the 9-14 ? if the answer is that it can not be used how the main router at UCSD treat for ping attempts coming for 44.138.0.8 ? does it pass it ? or ignore it ? all is assured that the IP is defined at the AMPR DNS... What about the tunnel itself doesit have any connection to what ip the gateway have ? or it exist anyway and has no meaning for the ip of the gateway ? (because the tunnel defined with only Commercial IP one is local and other is the AMPRGW commercial ip) Its the first time i play with so small network and its not clear to me how its done at the AMPR system I know that on ampr /24 network we didnt use the first and last .. dont know if it was necessary or not but that was the fact Thank for any clarification Regards Ronen-4Z4ZQ http://www.ronen.org Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSitehttp://www.ronen.org/ www.ronen.org ronen.org (Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSite) is hosted by domainavenue.com
and what about the AMPRNET Roter at ucsd if someone do ping for that address will it pass it ? or ignore it ?
________________________________ From: 44Net 44net-bounces+ronenp=hotmail.com@hamradio.ucsd.edu on behalf of Todor Kandev todor@kandev.com Sent: Wednesday, August 24, 2016 4:16 AM To: AMPRNet working group Subject: Re: [44net] using first and last IP of AMPR subnet for networking
(Please trim inclusions from previous messages) _______________________________________________ It doesn't matter if its /16 or /24 or /29 - the rules are all the same (it's a bit tricky with /31). You can't use the network and broadcast addresses for hosts.
On Wed, Aug 24, 2016 at 1:59 PM, R P ronenp@hotmail.com wrote:
(Please trim inclusions from previous messages) _______________________________________________ hi there One of our gateway got 8 IP ADDRESSES 44.138.0.8/39 Can the first address 44.238.0.8 be used ? or it reserved for networking only ? and i have to choose ip address only in the range of the 9-14 ? if the answer is that it can not be used how the main router at UCSD treat for ping attempts coming for 44.138.0.8 ? does it pass it ? or ignore it ? all is assured that the IP is defined at the AMPR DNS... What about the tunnel itself doesit have any connection to what ip the gateway have ? or it exist anyway and has no meaning for the ip of the gateway ? (because the tunnel defined with only Commercial IP one is local and other is the AMPRGW commercial ip) Its the first time i play with so small network and its not clear to me how its done at the AMPR system I know that on ampr /24 network we didnt use the first and last .. dont know if it was necessary or not but that was the fact Thank for any clarification Regards Ronen-4Z4ZQ http://www.ronen.org
Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSitehttp://www.ronen.org/ www.ronen.org ronen.org (Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSite) is hosted by domainavenue.com
Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSitehttp://www.ronen.org/ www.ronen.orghttp://www.ronen.org ronen.org (Ronen Pinchooks (4Z4ZQ) WebSite) is hosted by domainavenue.com
what about the AMPRNET Roter at ucsd if someone do ping for that address will it pass it ? or ignore it ?
It would pass it. However, that restriction has nothing to do with how packets get routed through other networks. It's all about hosts on your local network being able to speak to each other.
The subnet mask you use tells your hosts if the IP address on an outbound packet is on your local subnet and should be discovered at layer 2 with ARP, or if it's on a different network and needs to be forwarded through a router (typically a default gateway) to get to its destination. It all has to do with binary math. An IP address is made up of 32 bits and the netmask tells your hosts where the bits for defining your network stop and the bits for identifying your specific hosts begin. In your case, your /29 means the first 29 bits define your network address and the remaining 3 bits are used for your hosts. Three bits can represent eight different values. The problem is, the highest host address (where all the host bits are 1s instead of 0s) is reserved in the protocol as a broadcast address and any packet addressed to it from your local network would get sent to every other host on your local network. A host address with all 0 bits is reserved in the protocol for identifying the network itself and cannot be used to identify a host. This leaves only six usable host address which also need to be used for any routers on the network such as your default gateway.
If you have more than five hosts and one router, the next larger network you could get is a /28 which uses four host bits. Four bits can represent 16 different values which would give you 14 usable host addresses.
As was stated by another responder, the subnet mask only affects how hosts on that network treat the IP's within the same network.
The routing infrastructure doesn't really care that the hosts can't use the network or broadcast address, unless it has an interface inside that network.
It's common in our colo environments to have a /29 frontside block, which allows for 4 hosts and 2 virtual interfaces (HSRP), with /27 blocks routed to the virtual interface on the customer firewalls. Since the customer is running NAT, the /27 is translated. This allows all 32 IP addresses in that /27 to be translated to internal hosts behind the firewalls.
You could do the same thing with your AMPR allocation. Since the tunnel IP is your public IP address, you can simply translate the entire /29 (8 IP's) to internal private hosts and use all 8. If you choose to have a separate network segment with it's own interface, you'd only have 5 hosts, 1 gateway, and the 2 addresses used by subnetting.
--Will
On 8/24/16 5:59 AM, R P wrote:
One of our gateway got 8 IP ADDRESSES 44.138.0.8/39 Can the first address 44.238.0.8 be used ? or it reserved for networking only ? and i have to choose ip address only in the range of the 9-14 ? if the answer is that it can not be used how the main router at UCSD treat for ping attempts coming for 44.138.0.8 ? does it pass it ? or ignore it ? all is assured that the IP is defined at the AMPR DNS...
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Cory (NQ1E) -
R P -
Todor Kandev -
Tony Langdon -
Will Gwin